ArticleDul'tsev IuV, Boguslavskiĭ LS, Salamov KN, Kugaevskiĭ IuB, Podnomorenova LF.
Vestn Khir Im I I Grek. 1978 Apr;120(4):77-82.
According to the authors' data the subdevelopment of the anal constrictor followed by sphincter incompetence of the I degree can be treated conservatively by means of electrical stimulation of the perineal muscles together with exercise therapy. Surgical correction-sphincterolevatoroplasty and sphincterogluteoplasty- is required in case of the incompetence of the II and III degree. In congenital abscence of the anal constrictor muscles the obturative function of the rectum can be reconstructed through the replacement of the sphincter by the musculus gluteus maximus graft.